The Concept of Sexual Reproduction Cycle
Sexual reproduction is a biological process wherein two parent organisms contribute genetic material to produce offspring with genetic variation. This cycle is fundamental to the perpetuation and evolution of species, encompassing several key stages: 1. Gametogenesis (Formation of Gametes): Meiosis: Specialized cells undergo meiosis, a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid gametes. This ensures that upon fertilization, the resulting zygote has the species-specific diploid number of chromosomes. Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis: In males, spermatogenesis produces sperm cells, while in females, oogenesis yields egg cells (ova). 2. Fertilization (Syngamy): Gamete Fusion: A male gamete (sperm) fuses with a female gamete (egg), combining their genetic material to form a diploid zygote. This fusion restores the diploid chromosome number and introduces genetic variation. Types of Fertilization: External Fertilization: Common...